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:''Not to be confused with Charles Colson.'' Prof Charles Alfred Coulson FRS FRSE DD DLitt(13 December 1910 – 7 January 1974) was a British applied mathematician, theoretical chemist and religious author.〔J.J. O'Connor and E.F. Robertson, ''(Charles Alfred Coulson )'', University of St Andrews, February 2005.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Charles A. Coulson 1910–1974 )〕 His major scientific work was as a pioneer of the application of the quantum theory of valency to problems of molecular structure, dynamics and reactivity. He shared his deep religious belief, as a Methodist lay preacher, with the general public in radio broadcasts, served on the World Council of Churches from 1962 to 1968 and was Chairman of Oxfam from 1965 to 1971. Coulson went up to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1928, graduated in mathematics in 1931 and natural sciences in 1932, going on to receive a Ph.D. in 1936. He married Eileen Florence Burrett in 1938. Coulson was a Senior Lecturer in the Mathematics Department of University College, Dundee, which was administratively part of the University of St. Andrews from 1938 to 1945. He held a Fellowship at the University of Oxford from 1945 to 1947, when he took up the newly appointed Chair of Theoretical Physics at King's College London. He returned to Oxford in 1952 as Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics and Fellow of Wadham College. He set up and directed the Mathematical Institute. In 1972 he was appointed to the newly created Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, which has since been named for him. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1941 and a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1950. He was awarded the Davy Medal of the Royal Society in 1970, the Faraday and Tilden Medals of the Chemical Society in 1968 and 1969 respectively, and received a dozen honorary degrees from English and other universities. He was a member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science.〔(International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science page on Charles Coulson )〕 His books include ''Waves'',〔 ''Electricity'',〔C. A. Coulson, ''Electricity'', Oliver and Boyd, New York, 1948; reissued as: C. A. Coulson and T.J.M. Boyd, ''Electricity'', 2d ed., Longman, London, 1979.〕 ''Valence''〔C. A. Coulson, ''Valence'', Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1952; 3rd edition posthumously edited: Roy McWeeny, ''Coulson’s Valence'', Oxford University Press, 1979.〕 and ''Science and Christian belief''.〔C. A. Coulson, ''Science and Christian belief''. (in series ''The John Calvin McNair lectures''). University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1955.〕 In each of his successive appointments, Coulson attracted an active and enthusiastic group of graduate students, short and long term visitors, many of whom held senior university and industrial positions in England and other countries. Many of his students went on to make major contributions in several fields of endeavour. Coulson was an excellent cricketer and chess player, a warm family man and had a strong sense of humour. He and Eileen were gracious hosts to his students and his associates. The conference in his honour at Brasenose College in 1967 had an impressive international attendance, despite the difficulty of organizing it during a postal strike. ==Early life== The parents of Charles Coulson and his younger twin brother John Metcalfe Coulson were educators who hailed from the Midlands. The twins were born when their father, Alfred, was Principal of Dudley Technical College and Superintendent of the Methodist Sunday School, and their mother Annie Sincere Hancock〔https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf〕 was Headmistress of Tipton Elementary School, close by. Dudley is about 25 miles west of Birmingham and 10 miles east of Wolverhampton. Coulson's parents maintained a religious Methodist home.〔J. J. O'Connor and E. F. Robertson (see earlier reference), para. 1.〕 When the Coulson brothers were 10, their father was appointed Superintendent of Technical Colleges for the South-West of England, and the family moved to Bristol. Charles attended the XIV Preparatory School. When he was 13, he was awarded a scholarship to Clifton College, in Bristol that placed a strong emphasis on science and mathematics. His hobbies and recreations included stamp collecting, cricket, tennis and chess.〔S. L. Altmann and E. J. Bowen (see earlier reference), p. 76, para. 1.〕 Coulson's academic success at Clifton earned him an Entrance Scholarship in Mathematics to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1928.〔S. L. Altmann and E. J. Bowen (see earlier reference), p. 76, para. 3.〕 His brother John also excelled at school, and went on to become Professor of Chemical Engineering at Newcastle University, and author of a major series of texts on chemical engineering.〔J. F. Richardson, in a preface (page xii) to J. M. Coulson & J. F. Richardson (1996) ''Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering,'' volume 1, 5th edition ISBN 0-7506-2557-0〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Charles Coulson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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